The Ukraine call: Trump, Giuliani and the Bidens

OPEN THE RECORD

Sources & limits.

Numbered citations in each article identify the relevant sources. These records have different purposes and evidentiary weight.

1. White House, 25 September 2019: memorandum of telephone conversation with President Zelensky, 25 July 2019 ↗

   The rough transcript in which Trump asks Zelensky to “look into” Biden’s role in the prosecutor’s firing.

2. Government Accountability Office, 16 January 2020: Office of Management and Budget—Withholding of Ukraine Security Assistance (B-331564) ↗

   Finds the hold on Ukraine aid violated the Impoundment Control Act. Blocks scripted fetches; confirmed by search.

3. U.S. Senate floor log, 5 February 2020: verdict in the first Trump impeachment trial ↗

   The record of the acquittal votes.

4. Senate Republican staff report: Hunter Biden, Burisma and corruption, September 2020 ↗

   Republican majority report compiling documents and testimony; its characterizations are investigators’ conclusions, not criminal judgments. This guide uses its documented ethics warnings without adopting every allegation.

5. U.S. Treasury, 10 September 2020: Treasury sanctions Russia-linked election interference actors ↗

   Sanctions Andrii Derkach, who released edited Biden–Poroshenko call recordings, as “an active Russian agent for over a decade.”

6. CNN, 13 January 2020: Russians hacked Burisma, cybersecurity firm says ↗

   Area 1 Security’s report of a GRU phishing campaign against Burisma in late 2019.

7. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 2019: Why was Ukraine’s top prosecutor fired? Viktor Shokin’s dismissal explained ↗

   Lays out both sides, with Ukrainian prosecutors and anti-corruption activists on the state of the Burisma cases.