COMPLETE STATIC READING EDITION

BLUEBIRD and ARTICHOKE

The interrogation projects before MKULTRA.

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The strongest version of this theory

The CIA wanted to erase memories and make people obey.

Long before MKULTRA was a public word, people who claimed the government had experimented on their minds were dismissed as paranoid. The BLUEBIRD and ARTICHOKE records prove the agency wanted exactly the powers those people described: to make a person talk, to make them forget, and to see whether someone could be made to act against their will. [1][2][3]

The sources

  1. CIA — Project BLUEBIRD, April 5, 1950 ↗

    Contemporary federal record. It documents the author’s statements and institutional actions; objectives and reported results must still be evaluated separately.

  2. CIA — Report of narco-hypnotic ARTICHOKE interrogation, July 14, 1952 ↗

    Contemporary federal record. It documents the author’s statements and institutional actions; objectives and reported results must still be evaluated separately.

  3. Church Committee: Final Report, Book I, Foreign and Military Intelligence (1976), section on testing and use of chemical and biological agents ↗

    The committee’s 1976 account of BLUEBIRD, ARTICHOKE, MKULTRA, MKDELTA, MKNAOMI, MKSEARCH, the Olson case, the 1973 destruction and the Army’s overseas LSD interrogations. Written before the 1977 discovery of the financial files.

What the documents show

Real interrogations, real amnesia attempts, unclear results.

The April 1950 BLUEBIRD memo lays out a program of special interrogation methods. [1] The July 1952 ARTICHOKE report describes a “narco-hypnotic” interrogation of a real subject. The team combined drugs with hypnosis, asked questions, and tried to leave the subject with no memory of the session. [2]

The Church Committee confirms that ARTICHOKE teams tested these methods on people overseas and that the work fed directly into MKULTRA. [3]

What the records do not show is a reliable technique. The reports describe partial results, confusion and subjects who said things, not a method for producing true answers or obedient agents on demand.

What we can’t tell you. Names of subjects are redacted. Most ARTICHOKE operational files have not been released.

The sources

  1. CIA — Project BLUEBIRD, April 5, 1950 ↗

    Contemporary federal record. It documents the author’s statements and institutional actions; objectives and reported results must still be evaluated separately.

  2. CIA — Report of narco-hypnotic ARTICHOKE interrogation, July 14, 1952 ↗

    Contemporary federal record. It documents the author’s statements and institutional actions; objectives and reported results must still be evaluated separately.

  3. Church Committee: Final Report, Book I, Foreign and Military Intelligence (1976), section on testing and use of chemical and biological agents ↗

    The committee’s 1976 account of BLUEBIRD, ARTICHOKE, MKULTRA, MKDELTA, MKNAOMI, MKSEARCH, the Olson case, the 1973 destruction and the Army’s overseas LSD interrogations. Written before the 1977 discovery of the financial files.

WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT THIS FILE

The claims, rated.

1 claim people make about this file, each rated documented, partly true, disputed, unproven or false. Think a rating is wrong? Use Dispute or Support, or join the Discussion.

All 91 rated claims ↗

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Discussion

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