Pakistan and the $100,000

OPEN THE RECORD

Sources & limits.

Numbered citations in each article identify the relevant sources. These records have different purposes and evidentiary weight.

1. Times of India, 9 October 2001: India helped FBI trace ISI-terrorist links ↗

   The original report that $100,000 was wired to Atta at the ISI chief’s instance, attributed to unnamed Indian sources.

2. Dawn, 9 October 2001: Gen Mahmud’s exit due to links with Umar Sheikh ↗

   Pakistan’s leading paper carrying the PTI report on the ISI chief’s removal.

3. 9/11 Commission Report, chapter 10: Wartime ↗

   The days after: the Saudi departure flights, the PATRIOT Act, the turn to Afghanistan and the early discussion of Iraq.

4. 9/11 Commission Report, chapter 5: Al Qaeda Aims at the American Homeland ↗

   KSM’s planes operation, the selection of the hijackers, financing, and the finding of no evidence that the Saudi government as an institution or senior officials individually funded al Qaeda.

5. 9/11 Commission staff monograph: Terrorist Financing ↗

   The cost of the plot ($400,000–500,000), how money moved, and why the staff found no evidence of foreign-government funding.

6. Times of India, 2003: 9/11 funds came from Pakistan, says FBI ↗

   FBI official John Pistole’s Senate testimony that funding was traced to accounts in Pakistan, and what it left out.