xAI ran gas turbines to power Colossus, its Memphis data center. Shelby County issued a permit for 15 turbines, and a challenge to it was dismissed in December 2025. [1]
On 14 April 2026, the NAACP sued xAI and an affiliate, saying they built and ran the Colossus Gas Plant in Southaven, Mississippi, without a Clean Air Act permit. The group seeks an injunction and civil penalties. [2][3]
The U.S. government moved to intervene and dismiss the case. On 19 October 2026, Judge Debra Brown allowed it to intervene but ruled the law did not let it unilaterally dismiss a citizen suit. [3][4]
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